However, if a retinal detachment has already begun, the eye will usually require surgery to prevent blindness. If a retinal tear is identified before a retinal detachment has begun to occur, laser can be used to seal the edges of the tear and decrease the risk of retinal detachment. These symptoms should always prompt a careful and complete examination of the back of the eye and the retina within a day or two of onset. However, when symptoms do occur, they most commonly consist of flashing lights and/or the sudden onset of floaters in the vision of the affected eye. Many people experience no symptoms from a PVS or retinal tear, and a PVS does not always lead to a retinal tear. Once a retinal tear has developed, vitreous fluid can go through the tear leading to a retinal detachment. However, in some eyes, the vitreous gel may be more adherent to some areas of the retina than others and when it peels away from these more adherent areas, it may pull hard enough to cause a retinal tear. In most cases, the vitreous gel peels cleanly away from the retina and the PVS occurs without vision threatening consequences.
This natural development in the eye is called a posterior vitreous separation (PVS). At some point in nearly all people, this layer of gel will spontaneously begin to peel away or separate from the retina. By mid to late life, the vitreous has mostly liquified except for a layer of gel up against the retina. However, as life progresses, the vitreous gel naturally and gradually liquifies. In children, the vitreous is an optically clear, transparent and formed gel. Directly in front of the retina is a cavity that contains a gel called vitreous, a complex structure consisting of aqueous fluid, macromolecules and collagen fibrils. The retina is a thin, delicate and transparent sheet of tissue that lines the inside of the back of the eye. The eye is a very complex functional and anatomic organ. Fluid from inside the eye can leak through the tear, and the retina can separate from the back wall of the eye, creating a retinal detachment. As this occurs, the vitreous gel may sometimes pull a tear in the retina. As one age, the vitreous gel contracts and liquefies.
A clear gel called the vitreous, located just in front of the retina fills up the inside cavity of the eye. If you think of the eye as a camera, the retina is the film in the camera. The retina is the nerve layer that lines the back of the eye. In some cases, a detachment occurs due to a trauma that causes a tear in the retina, allowing fluid to enter the vitreous and pull on the retinal tissue.Ī retinal tear usually occurs as a spontaneous development in an eye as a result of a posterior vitreous separation (PVS) unrelated to anything the person has done. In most cases, the detachment is a slowly progressing issue which must be treated once symptoms are realized. A retinal detachment is a medical emergency that can lead to permanent blindness if left untreated. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina of the eye is pulled away from the underlying tissue to which it is attached.
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